United States - Asia Environmental Partnership
Work Plan 2001 - Vietnam
EXECUTIVE
SUMMARY
When US-AEP launched operations in
Vietnam a year and half ago, we defined our overall goal to become a
valued partner of Vietnam to help it manage the environmental challenges
inherent in increased urban and industrial growth. Substantial
progress has been made. We have staffed an office of committed
professionals and launched a program sensitive to both Vietnamese
requirements and the United States' broader objective of increased
economic engagement. Highlights of that engagement include:
�
Successful trade and partnership-building missions to the states of New
England, the Air and Waste Management Association and the Water
Environment Federation.
�
A
working relationship between the National Environmental Agency and the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to partner in the restructuring of
the National environmental law.
�
A
commitment to phase out unleaded gas and a partnership with both the
World Bank and the Government of Vietnam to partner in the phase out
program.
�
The initial steps in launching resource cities partnerships between
Vietnamese and American municipalities which will inform both practices
and the program of multilateral donors.
�
A
successful CSG grant that presented environmental technologies of North
Carolina and which resulted in a number of potential trade leads.
In only short
time the sum of these and other activities is a set of relationships and
intiatives with environmental agencies, governments and the private
sector comparable to US-AEP's program in other countries.
US-AEP's
2000-2003 workplan objective (attached) builds and expands on those
initiatives. We will present both U.S. private investment and
public engagement in Vietnam as a creative long-term relationship with
benefits for both Vietnam and the United States. We will engage
Vietnam on selected development issues of environmental and urban
management. We will support U.S. trade and investment
opportunities during Vietnam's transition to a market-driven, industrial
economy. In doing all this, we will work closely with the country
team, the government, other donors, and the U.S. private sector.
Broadly, we see engagement in four specific areas:
Urban
Engagement:
Vietnam faces the same problem as other countries in Asia -- a huge
demand for urban services but limited regulatory and oversight capacity.
US-AEP will array its urban engagement with other donors such as the
World Bank and broker a partnership between the cities of Seattle and
Hai Phong. Additionally, a second city relationship is planned for
development along the same lines. US-AEP has also been working
with the government and the World Bank on a national program to phase
out leaded gasoline. Additionally, we plan to collaborate with the Asian
Development Bank on the selected urban projects.
Engagement on
Key Issues Related to the Overall Regulatory Framework:
US-AEP has already brokered a collaborative and deepening relationship
between the Vietnamese National Environmental Agency and the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency. Under that, EPA will continue to
help revamp the national environmental law. In Ho Chi Minh City,
US-EPA and the California Air Resources Board will deepen the capacity
to monitor and manage air quality issues. We expect both
activities will be a multi-year effort. Our long term goal to
develop the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as one of the National
Environmental Agency's chief international partners for accessing
international best practices and testing innovative policy initiatives.
Additionally, we plan to expand and integrate these efforts into our
regional-wide Regulatory Dialogue.
Trade &
Investment:
A large
percentage of our program will concentrate on commercial and investment
opportunities arrayed around the Foreign Commercial Office's marketing
plan and strategic objectives. The tech rep office in Vietnam will
replicate the most successful commercial efforts of US-AEP in other
countries in twinning professionals with their U.S. counterparts and
stimulating interest in American environmental technology while working
closely with the Trade Development Agency, the Asian Development Bank
and others. Additionally, while the other elements of the US-AEP
program are selected on their own merits, many offer substantial trade
and investment potential, and these will be pursued as well.
Special
Opportunities:
There are some specific opportunities unique to Vietnam. We will
build on the work with the Ho Chi Minh DOSTE on their effort to reach
out and promoted clean production practices to the substantial foreign
investment and private companies in the area. We also will look at
cooperation with the other USAID assistance, particularly on
competitiveness issues and trade policy in the context of ASEAN.
Finally, while foreign investment by US companies is substantial, even
more so is the investment of countries such as Korea, Singapore and
Taiwan. Throughout the year, we will explore the potential for
collaborative work with those economies.
UNITED STATES-ASIA
ENVIRONMENTAL PARTNERSHIP
Program Approach
The United
States-Asia Environmental Partnership (US-AEP) is a public-private
inter-agency partnership of the U.S. Agency for International
Development (USAID) with the U.S. Department of Commerce, the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, other U.S. government and state
agencies, and the private sector. Created in 1992 by a
presidential initiative, US-AEP promotes the adoption of clean,
efficient technologies, policies and practices by Asian industries,
cities and governing entities. The context of US-AEP's engagement
is economic as well as environmental, harnessing the broad-based desire
in Asia for accelerated but cleaner economic growth to drive a "clean
revolution" of sustainable development. US-AEP's approach is to
pursue sustainable change in the way Asia proceeds with the industrial
and urban growth needed to address poverty through a development
assistance approach founded on two basic premises:
1.
To form a nexus between sustainable development and trade,
particularly with the United States, to the mutual benefit of each; and
2.
To create and promote lasting partnerships, locally, regionally
and internationally, that will carry on beyond the reach and longevity
of development agencies.
US-AEP's approach
to fostering a transformation to clean growth is to engage key decision
makers in the public and private sectors, and harness those forces which
serve as incentives for change: market, political, corporate,
regulatory, and public advocacy. Ultimately, the future of the
environment in Asia will be determined by these key Asian
decision-makers, including individuals, institutions, and the general
public.
US-AEP targets
four main areas related to the interdependent goals of environmental
quality and economic growth:
�
Public policy and environmental regulation;
�
Urban environmental management;
�
Corporate governance and environmental management; and
�
The transfer of U.S. environmental technology, expertise and practices
through trade and investment.
Woven through
these four areas is an emphasis on energy and resource efficiency and
other measures that reduce greenhouse gas emissions and thereby mitigate
the impact of developing Asia on global climate change.
In order to
leverage resources from outside the U.S. government and to create
self-sustaining partnerships that will outlive development assistance,
US-AEP enlists the expertise and commitment of U.S. and Asian
stakeholders: professional associations, large multinational
corporations, small-to medium- sized U.S. private sector firms, U.S.
states, and Asian and American municipalities and non-governmental
organizations. Through the partnership of USAID and U.S.
Department of Commerce, Asia's environmental quality and economic growth
are mutually advanced by connecting Asia's decision-makers with the best
in American environmental technology and expertise.
US-AEP's
engagement with a wide variety of partners serves another key component
of the US-AEP vision: supporting U.S. foreign policy interests and
fostering improved international relations in many sectors of American
society. By facilitating the active participation of the business
community and public sector at state and municipal levels, US-AEP makes
development assistance relevant to Americans not normally directly
concerned with international relations.
US-AEP
STRATEGY FOR VIETNAM 2000-2003
US-AEP's
objectives in Vietnam are three-fold. First, to help present both
U.S. private investment and public engagement in Vietnam as a creative
long-term relationship with benefits for both Vietnam and the United
States. Second, to do that by engaging Vietnam on selected
development issues supporting creative overall environmental and urban
management. Third, to support U.S. trade and investment
opportunities which will arise during Vietnam's transition to a
market-driven, industrial economy.
Background:
The movement to
a market driven economy in Vietnam is still in progress. Per
capita income is low at $375 and GDP growth after a number of years of
high growth is now in the 5% range. Nevertheless, Vietnam's
economic development continues to shift away from agriculture to
industry. This trend present US-AEP with both special challenges
and unique opportunities to deepen both commercial and development
engagement.
For Vietnam's
short-term economic prospects, developmentalists in Vietnam share a
broad policy consensus, but opinions vary on the country's ability to
unwind the entitlements, bureaucratic caution and non-transparency
issues that are part of the current setting. Last year, for
example, calculating in amortization costs, Vietnam had a net zero
disbursement of foreign assistance, despite its status as one of the
largest aid recipients in Asia. (A substantial portion of those
aid flows is going to environmental urban infrastructure.) A
national party congress is scheduled for 2001, and many of these issues
will be debated.
Over the longer
term, however, there is a consensus by the donors that Vietnam's growth
and reform will be driven by two undeniable realities: macroeconomic
trends and the aspirations of the younger generation. The first
reality are the broad macroeconomic trends that govern future
development. Vietnam will need to liberalize its foreign
investment regime if it is to accelerate exports, earn foreign exchange
to finance its development and maintain a rate of job creation that
matches new entries into the labor market. Secondly, the
present generation is less tied to historical experience; over 50% of
the current population were born after 1975. Rather than
benchmarking economic success against Vietnam's historical growth rates,
they are more inclined to compare performance to that of their dynamic
neighbors of ASEAN and East Asia. Vietnam, for example, would have
to sustain an 8% per year growth rate continuously for the next 25 years
to reach Thailand's 1995 GDP.
International aid
representatives share a consensus on the core policy prescriptions but
differ over prospects for the short term and the approach to take to
promote reform. Additionally, the reform message that the
government has been projecting is sometimes ambiguous.
Despite all
that, however, there is a reform agenda; the government has signed on,
and the donors and the IMF have arrayed their assistance to work with
Vietnam to implement it. . Central to reform are the interrelated
issues of financial sector reform and reducing the role of state owned
enterprises (SOEs). SOEs currently command about 60% of available
capital and their sluggish performance poses a tremendous drag on
economic growth and government revenues. Nearly one half of SOEs
will have to be equitized and around 7 billion dollars of loans will
eventually have to be written off largely because of the
under-performance of state owned enterprises.
STRATEGY:
Given the unique
circumstances of Vietnam, our strategic focus will be directed to those
areas which offer the most opportunity for progress and mutual
collaboration. Activities will center on looking for creative
solutions to environmental problems in a way that tries to introduce new
approaches into the thinking of environmental stakeholders.
We also plan to work in cooperation with the government, other donors,
and the U.S. private sector. The UN, ADB, WB, Canadians, Japan as
well as the Nordic countries all have substantial aid programs and
in-country experience in dealing with industrial and urban issues.
Our tech rep office will offer a mix of assistance comparable to that of
other longer established AEP officers with engagement in four specific
areas:
�
Improved Public Policy and Environmental Regulation
�
Improved Urban Management
�
Increased Trade and Investment
�
Special Opportunities
Improved
Public Policy and Environmental Regulations:
In
the year since it is inception, the US-AEP program in Vietnam has
engaged a broad base of key actors in Vietnam. In particular, US-AEP has
already brokered a collaborative and deepening relationship with the
Vietnamese National Environmental Agency and the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. EPA is helping to revamp the national environmental
law. In Ho Chi Minh City, US-EPA and the California Air Resources Board
are monitoring and managing air quality issued in that city. We expect
that each of these activities, together with the underlying challenge of
capacity building, will be a multi-year effort. We would like to develop
the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as one of the National
Environmental Agency�s chief international partners on matters of
environmental policy, accessing international best practices and testing
innovative policy initiatives.
Improved
Urban Engagement:
While Vietnam
is unique in many respects, in the urban area, it faces exactly the same
set of problems as other countries in Asia. Waste management, the demand
for water and wastewater treatment are all straining Vietnamese
municipalities. This rapid industrialization is straining the
country's ability to both craft and implement the correct urban and
industrial policies as well as expand the environmental oversight that
is also needed. These challenges are compounded by an undeveloped
financial system and capital market. Furthermore, even the best
strategies and programs of reform are constrained by Vietnam's shortfall
in trained expertise and unfamiliarity with the best practices of OECD
countries and Vietnam's neighbors.
Given this
situation, US-AEP will array its urban engagement closely around the
activities -- the Asian Development Bank and the World Bank.
As one example, US-AEP is brokering a partnership between the cities of
Seattle and Hai Phong in close collaboration with the World Bank.
The Bank has at least three major urban related projects coming
on-stream which should be influenced by the work that comes out of that
partnership. Additionally, a second city relationship
is under consideration which could be developed along the same lines.
In a related area, US-AEP has also been working with the government and
the World Bank on a national program to phase out leaded gasoline and
have used their Asian network to show Vietnamese officials Thailand's
phase-out experience. We expect that dialogue and collaboration to
continue. Finally, we plan to collaborate with the Asian
Development Bank on the urban and water projects that are coming on
stream.
Increased
Trade and Investment
One of the
largest components of our program and budget will be on the commercial
and investment opportunities on those areas of interest to the U.S.
Foreign Commercial-Vietnam. We will promote increased technology
transfer arrayed around the Foreign Commercial Officer�s marketing plan
and strategic objectives. Specific activities supporting will include
delegations to attend WEFTEC, WasteExpo, A&WMA, three trade shows as
well as NASDA exchanges. The tech rep office in Vietnam will seek to
replicate the most successful commercial efforts of US-AEP in other
countries in twinning professionals with their U.S. counterparts and
stimulating interest in American environmental technology while working
closely with the Trade Development Agency, the Export-Import Bank, and
OPIC.
Additional, in
the development activities noted earlier, the goal of the US-AEP program
will be to work on the environmental problem cited but also be conscious
of the inherent investment opportunities. For example, the work with the
World Bank on urban partnerships offers substantial commercial
opportunity and have strong implications for U.S. engineering contracts
and sales of equipment and services. While the other elements of the
US-AEP program are selected on their own merits, nearly all of them
offer substantial trade and investment potential. In opportunities, and
program our exchange resources accordingly.
Special
Opportunities
There are some
specific opportunities which are special to Vietnam. First,
Vietnam has reached its current level of development by drawing on
significant foreign investment mostly around the production of consumer
non-durables and electronics industries in the Ho Chi Minh City/Dong
Ngai Province area. The area accounts for some 70% of all of
Vietnam's manufacturing exports and seems the ripest for limited but
potentially replicable clean technology efforts. It encompasses
the majority of privately owned firms and is covered by a regional
environmental office (DOSTE) that is proactive and willing to experiment
with innovative approaches. Just one example, the regional office
has an outreach program to the many small factories in the area.
We plan to show the experience in the Philippines where an association
of pollution officers appears to be a program that could be applied to
Vietnam with some modification.
Second, more
broadly, USAID is expanding its presence and intensifying work on
financial sector reform building out from its existing relationship with
the U.S.-Vietnam Trade Council. Vietnam will have to do
substantial work on issues related to more deeply harmonizing their
trading regime with ASEAN, their commitment to join the Asian Free Trade
Association (AFTA) as part of their APEC membership and their plans to
join the World Trade Organization. For the Vietnamese economy to become
more competitive there will need to be changes in macro economic policy,
national investment choices, human resource development and economic
management. Subject to additional discussions between the Secretariat in
Washington and other USAID offices, we plan to cooperate with the
broader USAID effort as they work on the issue of competitiveness.
Finally, while
foreign investment by US companies is substantial, even more so is the
investment of countries such as Korea, Singapore and Taiwan.
Throughout the year, we will explore the potential for collaborative
work with those economies, ourselves and Vietnam.
I. Activities Description
1.
Improved Public
Policy and Environmental Regulations
US-AEP has
already brokered a collaborative and deepening relationship between the
Vietnamese National Environmental Agency and the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. Under that, EPA will continue to help revamp
the national environmental law. In Ho Chi Minh City, US EPA and the
California Air Resources Board will deepen the capacity to monitor and
manage air quality issues. We expect both activities will be a
multi-year effort. Our long term goal is to develop the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency as one of the National Environmental
Agency's chief international partners for accessing international best
practices and testing innovative policy initiatives. Additionally,
we plan to expand these efforts into our regional-wide Regulatory
Dialogue. Regulatory development, for example, is relatively more
advanced in Thailand. We anticipate exchanges to Thailand funded from
regulatory resources to complement and be part of EPA�s work in
Vietnam. In essence we will have one �policy conservation� with key
roles for EPA, the regulatory dialogue staff, and potential partnership
with the World Bank.
US-AEP Activity Description
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Country:
VIETNAM
Activity Name: LEGAL
PROJECT INCLUDING PILOT PROJECTS AND
INTERNET
TRAINING
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Description of
Activity:
EPA will conduct a planned three year cooperative program to enhance the
institutional capacity of counterpart environmental regulatory
authorities to implement environmental laws and protect public health
and the environment in Vietnam.
Since
the passage of the Environmental Protection Law in 1993, Vietnam has
experienced significant industrialization that has adversely affected
the environment and the public's health. Senior Vietnamese
officials from several organizations including MOSTE, the National
Environmental Agency, and the National Assembly are now planning to
revise and upgrade the Law to promote greater environmental protection.
By studying environmental laws and environmental management structures
from the US as well as other countries, environmental and legal
Vietnamese officials will determine the legal processes and
environmental management strategies appropriate to ensure the Law is
effectively implemented. By 2003, NEA plans to submit a revised
law to the Prime Minister and National Assembly for approval.
1.
EPA will develop a framework for restructuring the 1993 Vietnam
Law on Environmental Protection, draft potential new Articles and in
collaboration with NEA, support 1 or 2 "pilot projects" to test the law
revision process in a specific program. NEA, for their part, will
provide a list of necessary new Articles (e.g., permitting and
licensing, toxic substances, eco-tourism) and draft implementing
regulations and guidance for existing Articles.
2.
In November 2000, EPA in collaboration with US-AEP, will work
with NEA and other key Vietnamese groups to conduct a workshop to
discuss the proposed framework for the Law restructuring, initial drafts
of new Law Articles, approaches to environmental management and planning
and design the scope and time line for "pilot projects."
3.
In 2001, EPA will implement "pilot projects." Based on the
results of the first workshop, EPA will revise existing Articles, if
appropriate, draft new articles, as necessary, and conduct additional
workshops.
4.
To support the legal project, EPA will work with NEA, MOSTE and
DOSTE Information Technology experts to conduct Internet training.
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Expected
Results:
Upgrade the 1993 Environmental Protection Law of Vietnam. Design
1-2 pilot program that will help key environmental and legal Vietnamese
officials design and gain hands-on experience implementing a program to
test the law revision process and conduct Internet training that will
support the legal project.
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Relationship to
US-AEP Country Strategy:
This effort directly addresses the US-AEP strategy of developing the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as one of the National
Environmental Agency's chief international partners on matters of
environmental policy, accessing international best practices and testing
innovative policy initiatives.
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Asian and
Regional Partners:
MOSTE, National Environmental Agency, National Assembly, regional MOSTE
offices
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Anticipated Cost
Share:
NEA and MOSTE will be expected to arrange the logistics for the workshop
scheduled for this fall and organize the pilot project implementation.
We anticipate
one EEP study tour to the US in FY 2001 consisting of 3 senior officials
including officials such as Mr. Vice Minister Mr. Pham Khoi Nguyen of
MOSTE, Dr. Nguyen Ngoc Sinh, Director General, NEA and Dr. Nguyen Dac Hy,
Director of Policy Division, NEA. Funding for this will come from
regulatory funds and be done in coordination with US-AEP regulatory
staff and USEPA.
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Milestone Dates:
August: 2000:
Establish working group
September 2000:
Submit a proposed framework for Law restructuring.
October 2000:
EPA will submit initial drafts of new Law Articles.
November/December
2000: NEA and EPA will jointly conduct the workshop. NEA and EPA
will define scope and timeline for "pilot projects." (Schedules for the
remainder of the effort will be done in December 2000)
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Lead
Responsibility for US-AEP:
Harley Laing/Sarita Hoyt of US EPA with support of the country
coordinator and the tech rep office of US-AEP
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Primary
Intermediate Result:
Regulatory/Policy Program Advisory Group
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US-AEP
Activity Description
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Country:
Regional (Vietnam-based)
Activity
Name:
Environmental Regulatory Dialogue
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Description of
Activity:
US-AEP is working regionally to expand dialogue between environmental
regulatory officials, private sector leaders, and other experts from
Asian and industrialized countries. The principal objectives are
to: (1) create a network committed to strengthening Asian environmental
regulatory systems; and (2) improve understanding of regulatory
challenges and develop innovative solutions. A first in-country
activity is being launched in Thailand with the Thai Environmental Law
and Policy Forum.
Given the
regional ambitions of this initiative, Vietnam seems appropriate for the
next tier of country activity for a number of reasons. First,
Vietnam in is the process of revising its basic environmental
legislation, indicating that there is real interest in looking at the
overall regulatory framework. Second, US-EPA has managed to begin
specific policy dialogue-related initiative, indicating that there is
interest in outside collaboration. Third, through its initiative
on unleaded gasoline phase-out in Vietnam, US-AEP in Vietnam worked
closely with US-AEP in Thailand to nurture a working relationship
between the Pollution Control Department of MOSTE/Thailand and the
National Environmental Agency of MOSTE Vietnam. The potential to
expand that relationship is real and should be aggressively explored.
There is more
limited public discussion on policy issues in Vietnam than there is in
Thailand. But given the above factors, an effort to develop a
dialogue in Vietnam seems compelling. The first phase of
development would consist of an assessment visit of Violette and
Zvinakis, hopefully joined by Sarita Hoyt of EPA, which will determine
the prospects for developing a consensus on policies for strengthening
regulatory program areas. Additionally, it will identify a policy
group in Vietnam to work with. There are a number of them, each
with different strengths that should be assessed.
Subject to
positive indications, a three-day event will be held in Hanoi in May of
2001. US-AEP will: (1) participate in preliminary working groups
meetings to help identify and prioritize regulatory issues for the
three-day workshop event; (2) provide information and contacts related
to policy options, strategies, and lessons learned; and (3) fund travel
and expenses of selected experts from the regional budget. As part
of regional activities, US-AEP will continue to work with international
donors such as the World Bank with which we already have an active
partnership in Vietnam and with the ADB who have just completed a clean
production action plan for Vietnam.
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Expected
Results:
Environmental laws and policies strengthened; networks expanded
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Relationship to
US-AEP Country Strategy:
Supports overall regional objective to expand US-AEP's regulatory
dialogue, and complements USEPA bilateral capacity building activity in
Vietnam.
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Asian and
Regional Partners:
National Environmental Agency of the Ministry of Science, Technology and
the Environment and a policy institute in Vietnam to be determined.
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Anticipated Cost
Share:
It is anticipated that NEA will arrange the working group meeting and
participation of Vietnamese participants. The World Bank will
provide experts to support forum activities, most notably working group
meetings in advance of the workshop. Other U.S. groups such as ABA
may send experts to the workshop.
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Milestone Dates:
Assessment Visit
of Violette and Zvinakis September 2000
Three-day
Workshop: Spring/Summer 2000
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Lead
Responsibility for US-AEP:
Paul Violette of PADCO/Hagler Bailly and Dennis Zvinakis, country
coordinator with support for the US-AEP tech rep office and the U.S.
EPA.
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Primary
Intermediate Result:
1 - Improved public policy
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2.
Urban
Environmental Management
Vietnam faces the
same problem as other countries in Asia -- a huge demand for urban
services but limited regulatory and oversight capacity. US-AEP
will array its urban engagement with other donors such as the World Bank
and broker a partnership between the cities of Seattle and Haiphong.
Additionally, a second city relationship is under consideration, which
could be developed along the same lines. US-AEP has also been
working with the government and the World Bank on a national program to
phase out leaded gasoline. Additionally, we plan to collaborate
with the Asian Development Bank on the selected urban projects.
US-AEP Activity Description
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Country:
VIET NAM
Activity Name:
AIR QUALITY INITIATIVE IN HCMC
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Description of
Activity:
Effective air quality monitoring is a essential for environmental
improvement, and a number of other donors have been addressing this
issue. The Department of Science, Technology and Environment (DOSTE)
in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) and the Center for Analysis, Standards and
Experiment (CASE) are receiving financial assistance and general
technical training from the United Nations Development Program (UNDP)
and the Danish Aid Agency (DANIDA) to initiate an air monitoring
program. HCMC DOSTE has selected CASE as the laboratory to analyze
the air samples. The HCMC DOSTE air monitoring program will occur
in two phases -- initial installation and system expansion.
Currently, UNDP
and DANIDA have installed four air monitoring stations using US
equipment for HCMC DOSTE. In addition, a private Vietnamese
contractor has been hired to service the equipment. During the
second phase, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and NORAD, the Norwegian
Aid Agency, are planning to expand the air monitoring network by around
five more stations.
Building upon
the UNDP and DANIDA funded project, California Air Resources Board, the
Sacramento Air Quality Management District and EPA will work closely
with the HCMC DOSTE and CASE officials to provide the following targeted
technical expertise:
1.
Developing
Standard Operating Procedures:
Share
guidelines and conduct training of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP)
methodology for field as well as laboratory operations to help CASE and
DOSTE officials interpret the air data to better understand the state
and quality of ambient air in HCMC. Help officials to apply
sampling methodology for the passive samplers in a correct and technical
manner.
2.
Build Quality
Assurance into overall management:
Establish precise and accurate information for Particulate Matter 10 by
installing co-located samplers at one of the existing sites. In
addition, a parallel study should be performed using a Size Selective
Inlet (SSI) to determine the PM sampler correlation to a reference
sampler. There are at least two US vendors who distribute this
type of equipment. This would support Vietnam's commitment to lead
phase out by providing HCMC DOSTE with ambient lead concentrations from
the analysis of the SSI filters.
3.
Equipment and
Service Audit:
Conduct a third party performance audit of the air monitoring equipment
as well as of the company providing the services.
4.
Air Quality
Index and Data Analysis:
California Air Resources Board expert would assist CASE and DOSTE
officials to analyze air data while Sacramento Air Quality Management
District officials would work closely with DOSTE officials to identify
ways to share the data with the public and begin to develop an air
quality index.
The project
will be done closely in parallel with the PA legal project to upgrade
the 1993 Viet Nam Environmental Protection Law.
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Expected
Results:
An increased capacity of key Vietnamese entities, notably CASE
laboratory and government DOSTE officials in HCMC to manage an air
quality measuring system over a large urban area that meets
international environmental standards.
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Relationship to
US-AEP Country Strategy:
Addresses US-AEP goals of reducing urban air pollution and promoting
institutional capacity building. Develops sustainable relationships with
US environmental agencies.
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Asian and
Regional Partners:
National Environmental Agency, Ministry of Science Technology and the
Environment, Ho Chi Minh DOSTE, Center for Analysis, Standards and
Experiment (CASE)
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Anticipated Cost
Share:
HCMC DOSTE, MOSTE and CASE will provide in-kind support to help to
organize the training.
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Milestone Dates:
Fall 2000 -
Purchase and Ship equipment to HCMC; Organize a SOP and data analysis
training for CASE and HCMC DOSTE officials
Spring 2000 -
Conduct Additional Training and third party audit
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Lead
Responsibility for US-AEP:
Hieu Le/ Sarita Hoyt of the U.S. Environment Protection Agency with
support of the US-AEP tech rep office and the country coordinator.
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Primary
Intermediate Result:
Urban - Address urban air pollution.
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US-AEP
Activity Description
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Country:
VIETNAM
Activity Name:
LEAD PHASE-OUT -- PUBLIC OUTREACH
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Description of
Activity:
Vietnam has committed itself to phasing out leaded gasoline by June
2000. In part, this resulted for the international workshop to
phase lead out of gasoline in Vietnam sponsored by the Vietnamese
Ministry of Transport, the World Bank, the US-AEP and others in December
1999. The next steps include the establishment of a Lead Phase Out
Committee chaired by the Ministry of Transport and address technical and
financial issues related to lead phase out.
As part of that
effort, various international agencies have assumed specific supportive
tasks. US-AEP's contribution will be to support the U.S. EPA to work on
the public education dimension of the program. EPA will work
closely with USIS and with the Ministry of Transport, the Vietnam
Vehicle Register, Ministry of Information, Viet Nam Television, MOSTE,
Ministry of Industry, Viet Nam Petrol, Petrolimex, Ministry of Trade,
Ministry of Customs and other key partners to help implement a national
public outreach campaign targeting targeted audiences including drivers
and school children. The focus of the program will be to increase
the awareness and understanding of the health effects of lead in
gasoline; educating the public about the different issues associated
with lead; and implementing public outreach campaigns based on EPA's
Communications for Environmental Results training and other strategies
by enlisting key stakeholders from government and the public to improve
air quality in Viet Nam.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Expected
Results:
The full phase out of unleaded gasoline in Vietnam and as a result a
significant improvement of air quality throughout the country.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Relationship to
US-AEP Country Strategy:
The effort is directly related to US-AEP's strategy of addressing key
environmental issues by developing linkages with U.S. centers of
comparable expertise, in this case the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Asian and
Regional Partners:
World Bank, CIDA, UNDP, Ministry of Transport, National Environmental
Agency, Ministry of Science Technology and the Environment, Ministry of
Information, Viet Nam Television, Petrolimex, Viet Nam Petrol
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Anticipated Cost
Share:
Vietnamese Lead Phase Out Steering Committee will provide in-kind
support while Vietnamese state media will contribute air time for the
presentations.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Milestone Dates:
Fall 2000 -
Organize workshop to design national public outreach campaign.
Spring 2001 -
Follow-up with key stakeholders about impact of campaign.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lead
Responsibility for US-AEP:
Sarita Hoyt EPA/ Tech Rep office Hanoi, with support from the country
coordinator.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Primary
Intermediate Result:
Urban - Eliminate the use of leaded gasoline.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
US-AEP
Activity Description
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Country:
Vietnam
Activity Name:
URBAN MANAGEMENT AND FINANCE -- Haiphong,
Vietnam & Second
Resource City
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Description of
Activity:
The objective of the Urban Management and Finance Activity is to develop
sustainable relationships between cities in Vietnam and centers of urban
excellence in the United States. The immediate objective is to
develop a master plan for the city of Haiphong, Vietnam. The
process of developing and implementing the Master Plan would incorporate
distinct components:
The first phase
entails the inclusion of Haiphong in the Resource Cities Program of ICMA.
ICMA is an international partnership program where skills and successes
of U.S. cities are shared with cities in developing and transitional
countries. In Vietnam, the city of Haiphong, would be paired with
Seattle, Washington with the support of a local NGO ( COFTIBD already
selected). The initial "diagnostic" phase of the partnership will
be completed October 15. Afterwards, the longer term nature of
technical support will be determined. A Seattle City Planner,
Henry Sharpe, will coordinate this activity with Haiphong, Seattle and
ICMA. In addition, a Vietnamese Planner will be hired to assist
Mr. Sharpe in the field. The second phase of specific assistance
will begin in October of 2000 and continue through May 2002.
Assuming
progress in Hai Phong, we will formally begin the Resource Cities
Activity for Haiphong and initiate the selection process for a second
city. A symposium will be held at the end of the Seattle/Haiphong
partnership for local and national government officials of Vietnam that
are interested in learning about new practices initiated as a result of
the partnership.
The third phase
will focus on Vietnam's move toward a more decentralized governing
structure and the importance in building a support network for local
government officials. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs)
support can take many forms, however, for Vietnam we will assess the
viability of a Municipal Support Center. Functionally, the Center could:
�
provide a networking system for local government units within Vietnam
and with the Pan-Asia region
�
coordinate all activities related to Resource City partnerships in
Vietnam
�
become a repository for information collected about new, innovative
practices being tested under the nascent decentralized structure of
government
�
be
converted into a Professional Municipal Association, as political
climate allows
�
facilitate the delivery of training, workshops and the fielding of
technical experts to member local government units
The development
of Municipal Support Center, the partnership with NGOs, and the
consequential community-based organizations affiliations that will
occur, are critical as a resource base to promote new practices and
address future challenges that the government may not be in the position
to support.
The fourth phase
will target technical assistance for local governments interested in an
initiative on more efficient service delivery that effectively addresses
environmental issues. This technical assistance will be in
conjunction with the activities of the Resource Cities Program and the
Municipal Support Center. It will be incumbent of the local
officials to write a report documenting the results of the assistance.
The reports would become the property of the Municipal Support Center.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Expected
Results:
1.
For Haiphong, a Master Plan focused on improved urban
environmental management as a result of best practices sharing between
U.S. cities and Asian counterpart.
2.
Identification and agreement between Haiphong and Seattle on
follow-up areas for technical cooperation.
3.
Establish a NGO as effective organization for building urban
networks within Vietnam.
4.
Identification of a second Resource Cities Partnership.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Relationship to
US-AEP Country Strategy:
Supports USAEP Vietnam strategy of improving urban environmental
management by strengthening the capacity of local government units (LGUs)
to address the impact of urbanization on the environment through
partnerships with U.S. urban management models.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Asian and
Regional Partners:
COFTIBD (Consultancy Foundation for Training, Investment, and Business
Development), World Bank, Hai Phong Peoples Committee, RUDO (Jakarta
office), ICMA
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Anticipated Cost
Share:
1 to 1 - include Global/Environment Contributions; in-kind contributions
from the city government of Hai Phong.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Milestone Dates:
July 30, 2000 -
Arrival of Seattle City Planner, Henry Sharpe
October 2000 -
MOU among Haiphong, Seattle and ICMA
October 2000 -
Begin selection process for second Resource City
November 2000 -
Final Report from Henry Sharpe
November 2000 -
Design of schedule for the remainder of the activity.
November-July
2000 - Exchanges between the Seattle and Hai Phong.
September 2001 -
Carry out a workshop.
December 2001 -
Complete the program
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lead
Responsibility:
Richard Sheppard, Deputy Executive Director and Jeremy Hagger with
support of country coordinator, and the US-AEP tech rep office in
country. During the year responsibility for activity management will be
transferred to the Hanoi US-AEP office.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Primary
Intermediate Result:
1.2 Improved urban environmental management
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.
Transfer of US
Technology and Practice Through Trade & Investment
A large
percentage of our program will concentrate on commercial and investment
opportunities transfer arrayed around the Foreign Commercial Office's
marketing plan and strategic objectives. The tech rep office in
Vietnam will replicate the most successful commercial efforts of US-AEP
in other countries in twinning professionals with their U.S.
counterparts and stimulating interest in American environmental
technology while working closely with the Trade Development Agency, ADB
and others. NASDA grants will be identified in the course of the tech
reps' commercial promotion activities and also in conjunction with the
other activities in the portfolio, such as our collaborative
relationship with the World Bank and in our air quality monitoring
activities with the DOSTE of Ho Chi Minh City.
US-AEP Activity Description
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Country:
Vietnam
Activity
Name: Vietnam Provincial Towns Water
Supply Study Tour
Contact
Person: Nguyen Anh Tuan (Vietnam) & Stacy Bonnaffons (USAEP/
ADB)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Description of
Activity:
The purpose of this study tour is to help showcase US technology and
expertise at the time when Vietnamese officials will be making
significant consultancy and procurement decisions. Study tour to
the U.S. is focused on the primary cities involved in the Asian
Development Bank- funded water projects for Vietnam: Second
Provincial Towns Water Supply and Third Provincial Towns Water Supply
and Sanitation. Second Provincial Towns is a $69 million loan
approved in 1997 and ongoing. The Third Provincial Towns is
currently undergoing a feasibility study and is anticipated to be a $85
million in 2001. Hosts include Ford Meter Box (Wabash, IN) who
would like to host the group for one day for a factory tour and
demonstration of how a water supply connection is properly made.
Other options for site visits include a pipe supplier, full-scale
operational municipal facilities, etc. Timing would be determined
as the ADB procurement schedule takes place.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Expected
Results:
Educate the provincial decision-makers on U.S products and services,
particularly as the specification for equipment is being designed for
the ensuing ADB loan. The expected goal is technology transfer
(under defined USFCS success measures), including anticipated sales of
U.S. equipment and technical services under the ADB-funded projects in
Vietnam.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Relationship to
US-AEP Strategic Objective:
This activity meets the objective to transfer US environmental
technology and best practices to Vietnam, focuses on the top priority of
water supply.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Asian and
Regional Partners:
Ministry of Construction, Management Board of Water Supply and
Sanitation Department, provincial government agencies, ADB
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Anticipated Cost
Share:
Private companies in the US will cover some of the costs of site visits
(local transportation and meals).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Milestone Dates:
Implementation of the Third Provincial Towns Project Preparatory TA
(feasibility study) - $1 million, approved in December 1999. Final
report expected by the end of 2000.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lead
Responsibility for US-AEP:
Nguyen Anh Tuan (Vietnam) and Stacy Bonnaffons (US-AEP/ADB)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Primary
Intermediate Result:
1.4 Increased technology transfer
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Late
2000 or First Quarter of 2001
US-AEP
Activity Description
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Country:
Vietnam
Activity
Name: Promotion of Trade & Investment in the Air Sector
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Description of
Activity:
US-AEP will promote U.S. firm involvement in the business opportunities
arising from the EPA's work on clean air monitoring in Ho Chi Minh City
and with the effort to phase out leaded gasoline. Specific
activities planned at this time are the trade leads on air sector
opportunities. The AEP office also will organize a delegation to
attend the AWMA conference in the U.S. in June (Orlando) and a spin-off
site visit as has been done in previous years.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Expected
Results:
Sales (and other commercial success stories) for U.S. firms in the air
sector.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Relationship to
US-AEP Country Strategy:
These activities meet our objective to transfer U.S. environmental
technology and best practices to Vietnam.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Asian and
Regional Partners:
Indirectly with EPA and the World Bank continuing.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Anticipated Cost
Share:
To be determined but approximately 50/50.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Milestone Dates:
June 2001 AWMA
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lead
Responsibility for US-AEP:
Ms. Van/Mr. Tuan
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Primary
Intermediate Result:
1.4 Increased trade and investment
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
US-AEP Activity Description
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Country:
Vietnam
Activity Name: Promotion of
Trade & Investment in the Water and
Wastewater Sector
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Description of
Activity:
These activities
will continue to develop the market and increase sales of water and
wastewater treatment equipment and services at WEFTEC 2001. The
Tech Rep will recruit, organize, and lead a delegation of buyers,
clients, decision-makers to the Annual Meeting and Exhibition of the
Water Environment Federation (WEF) - USA. The delegates will have
one-on-one meetings, visit wastewater treatment facilities. The
Tech Rep will make a presentation on the "Environmental Business
Opportunities in the Vietnam" and will have her own one-on-one meetings.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Expected
Results:
Increased trade
and investment activities indicated by the increase in the number of
trade leads generated, success stories, and distributorship
agreements.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Relationship to
US-AEP Country Strategy:
This is in line
with the country strategy, water and wastewater sector is one of our
priority sectors for FY 2001.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Asian and
Regional Partners:
private sector Vietnam
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Anticipated Cost
Share:
WEFTEC delegates
will shoulder their own expenses in attending the annual meeting and
exhibition, support from AEP will be setting up of 1 on 1 meetings and
spin-off site visits.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Milestone Dates:
Q1,
Q3, and Q4
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lead
Responsibility for US-AEP:
Ms. Van/Mr. Tuan. with assistance of Stacy Bonnaffons and country
coordinator
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Primary
Intermediate Result:
IR 1.4 Increased trade and investment
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Date:
July 20, 2000
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
US-AEP Activity Description
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Country:
Vietnam
Activity Name:
Promotion of Trade & Investment in the Solid Waste Management
Sector
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Description of
Activity:
While there are
no specific events related to solid waste management, we will be alert
to opportunities to trade and investment opportunities arise first out
of the sister city exercise and secondly out of the work that is being
financed by either the Asian Development Bank and the World Bank.
Should firm opportunities come up we will consider participation in
WASTECON 2001 in October 2001. As of now no exchange is planned
and we will rely on NASDA grants and trade leads as our main tools.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Expected
Results:
Increased Trade
& Investment activities manifested by increase in the number of trade
leads generated, success stories, joint venture and distributorship
agreements.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Relationship to
US-AEP Country Strategy:
This is in line
with the country strategy, solid waste management and disposal is one of
our priority sectors for FY 2001.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Asian and
Regional Partners:
none
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Milestone Dates:
to be determined
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lead
Responsibility for US-AEP:
Alma Madrazo and Joy A. Jochico
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Primary
Intermediate Result:
IR 1.4 Increased technology transfer
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Review of US-AEP Workplan for FY 2000
US-AEP Vietnam
officially its office in Vietnam a year ago. It quickly established
relationships with partners in Vietnam: bilateral and multi-lateral
organizations as well as with Governmental agencies of Vietnam. We have
two ongoing activities being implemented in the close collaboration with
the World Bank: (1) Phase out of leaded gasoline; and (2) Seattle and
Hai Phong sister city project. These projects built up a very good
relationship with the other donors in Vietnam and with the World Bank in
particular, and they will consolidate other activities of US-AEP in
Vietnam. The workplan for FY 2000 of US-AEP was divided into four
categories and description of accomplishments presented is below:
1.
Improved Public Policy
Regulation
A. Capacity
Building
US-AEP/Vietnam with the USEPA support
strengthening the National Environmental Agency�s capacity to deal with
environmental management, notably to revise the Environmental Protection
Law of 1993. In 2000, USEPA experts traveled to Vietnam to discuss
a framework for cooperation, the structure of the revised law as well as
the new articles. In September, USEPA experts will arrive to prepare for
a workshop to discuss the structure of the law as well as the
implementing rules and regulations. These activities will carry on and
are described in the 2000-2003 workplan.
B.
Unleaded Gasoline Initiative
US-AEP/Vietnam�s engagement worked with
the Environmental Exchange Program and USEPA on a 1999
stakeholders meeting co-hosted by Ministry of Transport, the World Bank,
and US-AEP/Vietnam. This stakeholders meeting led to the creation of
draft terms of reference (TOR) by the Ministry of Transport (MOT) and
the World Bank and a government commitment to phase out unleaded
gasoline. US-AEP/Vietnam will be a lead participant in implementation of
the program, especially the public awareness portion. The Directive is
expected to the signed by the Deputy Prime Minister and issued shortly.
The activities which will be done are described in the current workplan.
US-AEP/Vietnam
cooperates with the Ho Chi Minh City Department of Science, Technology
and Environment (DoSTE) to facilitate training, standards-implementation
and data review assistance on air monitoring, particularly as pertains
to US-AEP/USEPA unleaded fuel activities, including ambient urban lead
level monitoring. These activities will carry on and are described in
the workplan.
2.
Improved Urban
Environmental Management
In the year 2000, US-AEP/Vietnam and
USAID�s Jakarta-based Regional Urban Development Office (RUDO) will work
towards a Resource Cities initiative fostering goal-oriented project
relationships between several cities in the United States and Vietnam.
The cities selected were Seattle and Hai Phong. A city planer, Mr. Henry
Sharpe from the city of Seattle came to Hai Phong to work with the Hai
Phong officials on its urban planning for three months starting in
August. Exchanges between the city of Seattle and Hai Phong will be
carried out from end of October. The project is working closely with the
World Bank and the urban infrastructure projects the bank will fund in
Hai Phong.
3.
Improved Corporate
Environmental Management
US-AEP/Vietnam
sponsored a visit by responsible officials from HCMC-DoSTE along with
businesses from the city to see, compare and learn from experiences of
their peer program officers in the Philippines and clean production
management, oversight and inspection. Leaders in both cities have begun
an informal channel of communication which offers the potential for
further development.
4.
Increased Environmental Technology Transfer
Our
tech transfer mission in Vietnam is to accelerate and improve the
quality of the transfer of sound American environmental technology
through project support of Vietnamese users and American producers.
A. CSG/SEI
Grants
US-AEP sponsors an environmental and
trade-related development grants through the Council of State Government
(CSG) to the Kenan Institute and VCCI to introduce environmental goods
and services from North Carolina to the Vietnamese urban sector. A
workshop on environment and business was organized in December 1999 in
Hanoi. In 2000, a workshop on medical waste technologies have been held
in Hanoi and HCMC to introduce the US�s advanced technologies. A Trade
mission for a delegation from North Carolina to Hanoi and HCMC was held
in July included a workshop and one-on-one meeting of the US companies
and the Vietnamese partners. The grant is in its final stages and
following up potential trade leads.
B.
NASDA Grants
US-AEP financed
trade development grants of the National Association of State
Development Agencies (NASDA). In 1999, Envirotech Services obtained a
US-AEP financed NASDA grant in support of various landfill technology
option workshops. US-AEP/Vietnam will seek or encourage approximately
four additional US-AEP-funded NASDA grants for in-country activity in FY
2001.
C.
EEP Events
US-AEP/Vietnam
nominated delegates to participate in regional and international
Environmental Exchange Program (EEP) events throughout the year. The
total was 10 exchanges of 20 participants.
D.
Trade Delegations
US-AEP/Vietnam
recruited and led delegations to regional and international trade shows,
including WasteExpo (May 2000), A&WMA (June 2000) and WEFTEC (October
2000), 23 participants have attended the trade events. Potential trade
leads are being monitored.
E.
Market Analyses
US-AEP/Vietnam
contracted for preparation of a FY 2000 environmental technology market
report. The study will be supplemented by an Industry Sector Analysis
focusing on a particular sector or sub-sector such as solid waste
management, industrial water and wastewater, municipal water and
wastewater. The report has submitted and approved by the US DOC
Washington, publication is excepted by end 2000. The study should be a
valuable marketing tool. |
