Nine senior policymakers and analysts from the Asia-Pacific region met with the United States�Asia Environmental Partnership and the Greening of Industry Network�Asia from March 3�5, 1999, in Tagaytay City, Philippines. The group engaged in policy discussion about how the growing issue of "sustainability" affects those public policymakers who have a mandate to pursue industrial development, management, and innovation in the midst�and in the wake of�a regional economic crisis. Participants included senior development planners and industrial estate experts from Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and the United States.

During the three-day discussion, participants presented a brief history of "place-based" programs under their purview, a current status report, and predictions or recommendations from a policy perspective. Each speaker was asked to address several questions that would help the group define each case in a policy context, including:

• What are the drivers (primary motivators) behind place-based decisions in your country? Are they political? Economic? Labor- or trade-related? Technological? Environmental?
• Who are the principal players in this case at the policy, investor, and operations levels?
• What kinds of policy tools were used? How was the program implemented?
• How has implementation or planning in this case been affected by the regional economic crisis?
• Has this case involved any participation from nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) or local community representatives?
• Analyze in this case what worked well and what did not.
• Would you recommend replicating this case elsewhere? If so, what kinds of foundations would need to be in place?

The results of this discussion are included in the following pages and were prepared for the United States�Asia Environmental Partnership and its colleagues, including the Greening of Industry Network�Asia, and for the Future 500 Industrial Ecology IV Conference (April 30�May 2, 1999) in Watsonville, California.

DISCLAIMER: The discussion, analysis, and recommendations contained herein represent the opinions of one or more of the contributors to this book and are not the official position of the U.S. government, USAID, US-AEP, or any national government mentioned here. Although US-AEP exercised due care in compiling the information in this document, from time to time errors do occur. US-AEP makes no warranty, express or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of this information and does not assume any liability with respect to the consequences of the use of this information.